Anti-corrosion and anti-cancer evaluation of silver nanoparticles prepared from Ziziphus spina-christi extract

• S.Q. Ibrahim¹, R.Q. Ibrahim², A.N. Hassan², S.H. Ali³, H.S. Khalil⁴, N.H. Faisal² and A.A.A. Al-Shawi²

¹ Department of Gas Processes and Petrochemicals Engineering, College of Oil and Gas Engineering, Basrah University for Oil and Gas, Basrah 61004, Iraq
² Department of Chemistry, College of Education for Pure Sciences, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq
³ Department of Chemical and Petroleum Refining Engineering, College of Oil and Gas Engineering, Basrah University for Oil and Gas, Basrah 61004, Iraq
⁴ Department of Oil and Gas Engineering, College of Oil and Gas Engineering, Basrah University for Oil and Gas, Basrah 61004, Iraq

Abstract: Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were biosynthesized from Ziziphus spina-christi extract acting as both a reducing and stabilizing agent. The biosynthesized AgNPs were analyzed using FTIR, XRD, SEM, and TEM. Electrochemical polarization tests were conducted at concentrations of 200–400 ppm and temperatures of 298–318 K to assess their corrosion inhibition effectiveness against mild steel in 1.0 M H₂SO₄. The results showed a significant reduction in corrosion current density, with an inhibition efficiency of (69−96%), AgNPs acted as mixed-type inhibitor, and the thermodynamic parameters (ΔG, ΔH, and ΔS) were calculated using the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The estimated value of (ΔG) energy of (−23.24, −24.98, and −24.48 kJ/mol) indicates the adsorption involves both physical and chemical processes. The calculated ΔH value was −43.1 kJ/mol, indicating an exothermic adsorption process. The calculated ΔS values indicates a decrease in unpredictability for the adsorption of AgNPs onto the mild steel surface. Furthermore, the anticancer efficacy against human breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231) was examined using the MTT test after 24 hours of exposure to different AgNPs concentrations, the IC₅₀ value was approximately 81.5 µg/ml.

Keywords: Ziziphus spina-christi, silver nanoparticles, inhibition, mild steel, breast cancer

Int. J. Corros. Scale Inhib., 2026, 15, no. 4, 179-196
doi: 10.17675/2305-6894-2026-15-4-7

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