Lithium ion as inhibitor in electrochemical oxidation of lead–aluminum electrode in sulfuric acid solution

• B. Soegijono^1,2, F.B. Susetyo³ and H.A. Notonegoro⁴

¹ Department of Physics, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia
² Department of Geoscience, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia
³ Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Jakarta 13220, Indonesia
⁴ Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa, Cilegon 42435, Indonesia

Abstract: In this study, the electrochemical oxidation behavior of electrodes in sulfate acid containing various lithium-ion concentrations was observed to see how it inhibits the oxidation current. The characterization of the samples was focused on phases formed after electrochemical oxidation, using X-ray diffraction, electron microscope and energy dispersive X-ray (EDS) to observe morphology and element distribution on the surface and its electrochemical oxidation properties in a sulfate solution containing various lithium-ion concentrations. The results show that after analyzing the X-ray diffraction pattern, the phases formed have different patterns for different Li-ion concentrations. It also shows different specific anodic oxidation peaks at the anodic scan in linear sweep voltammetry. The current oxidation peaks shifted from 10.0×10–3 to 1.6×10–3 A and the potential oxidation peaks increased from –0.620 V to –0.560 V. The surfaces morphology and EDS analysis of the samples show different results. The backscattering images (BSE) showed different phases as the concentrations of lithium ion increased. The different oxidation products after electrochemical oxidation cover the surface entirely or partly when the Li-ion concentration rises. The sample PbL3 shows the lowest potential oxidation and more cathodic. In conclusion, the presence of lithium in a sulfuric acid solution can inhibit the oxidation current and slightly shift the potential oxidation to more cathodic. The mechanism of the inhibition is by forming different oxides and different morphology on the surface of the materials.

Keywords: electrochemical oxidation, inhibition, lead, lithium

Int. J. Corros. Scale Inhib., 2022, 11, no. 1, 142-150
doi: 10.17675/2305-6894-2022-11-1-7

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