ISSN 2305-6894

Kinetic and morphological investigation of calcium sulfate dihydrate (gypsum) scale formation on heat exchanger surfaces in the presence of inhibitors

  • Z. Amjad
Walsh University, Department of Chemistry, Division of Mathematics and Sciences, 2020 E. Maple Street, North Canton, Ohio 44720

Abstract: The kinetics of calcium sulfate dihydrate (CaSO4·2H2O, gypsum) scale formation on heated metal surface from aqueous solution has been studied by a highly reproducible technique. It has been observed that gypsum growth takes place directly on heated metal surface without any bulk or spontaneous precipitation in the supersaturated solution. A variety of maleic acid based polymers with different functional groups have been examined for their inhibitory effect on gypsum growth. The results indicate that amount of gypsum scale formed on heated metal surface is strongly affected by polymer dosage and the functional groups present in the polymer. Scanning electron microscopic investigations of the gypsum crystals grown in the presence of anionic polymeric additives show that structures of these crystals are highly modified. Results on the performance of various surfactants and biocides are presented.

Keywords: calcium sulfate dihydrate, gypsum, scale, maleic acid polymers, heat exchanger, crystal morphology

Int. J. Corros. Scale Inhib., , 6, no. 3, 276-290 PDF (2 035 K)
doi: 10.17675/2305-6894-2017-6-3-4

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Back to this issue content: 2017, Vol. 6, Issue 3 (pp. 209–358)